COORDINATION COMPOUNDS Handwritten Short Notes [PDF] 📚

Coordination Compounds: A Comprehensive Overview

Coordination compounds are chemical substances formed by the combination of a central metal atom or ion with neutral molecules or anions called ligands, which are bonded to the central atom through coordinate covalent bonds. These compounds play a vital role in various fields, including biology, medicine, and industry.

Key Concepts and Terminology

Central metal atom or ion: The metal ion at the center of the coordination compound.

Ligands: Neutral molecules or anions that bond to the central metal atom.

Coordination number: The number of ligands directly bonded to the central metal atom.

Chelating agent: A ligand that can form multiple coordinate bonds to the same central metal atom.

Isomerism: The existence of compounds with the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms.

Types of Coordination Compounds

1.Cationic complexes: The complex ion carries a positive charge.

Example: [Cu(NH₃)₄]²⁺

2.Anionic complexes: The complex ion carries a negative charge.

Example: [Fe(CN)₆]³⁻

3.Neutral complexes: The complex ion carries no charge.

Example: [Ni(CO)₄]

Bonding in Coordination Compounds

Coordinate covalent bonds are formed when one atom donates both electrons for a shared pair to another atom. In coordination compounds, the ligands donate electron pairs to the central metal atom.

Applications of Coordination Compounds

Catalysis: Many coordination compounds are used as catalysts in chemical reactions, increasing reaction rates and improving efficiency.

Medicine: Coordination compounds have applications in drug delivery, chemotherapy, and medical imaging.

Industry: They are used in various industrial processes, such as metal refining, electroplating, and water treatment.

Pigments and dyes: Coordination compounds are used to create pigments and dyes for various applications.

Coordination Compounds - Chemistry Short Handwritten Notes [PDF]📚

FAQs

What is the difference between a complex ion and a coordination compound?

A complex ion is a charged group of atoms bonded together, while a coordination compound is a neutral substance containing a complex ion.

How do ligands bond to the central metal atom?

Ligands bond to the central metal atom through coordinate covalent bonds, where the ligand donates both electrons for a shared pair.

What is the significance of the coordination number?

The coordination number determines the geometry of the coordination compound and its properties.

What are chelating agents and their importance?

Chelating agents are ligands that can form multiple coordinate bonds to the same central metal atom. They are often used to form stable coordination compounds.

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